Assay of Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compounds of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Fruit Extracts Obtained by Green Extraction Methods: Ultrasound-Assisted, Supercritical Fluid, and Subcritical Water Extraction.

Bioactive compounds of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruits were extracted by green extraction methods including ultrasound-assisted (with three solvents: water, water/ethanol 50:50 v/v, and ethanol), supercritical fluid, and subcritical water extraction. Evaluation of the flavonoid and tocopherol compounds, β-carotene/linoleic acid test, and oil oxidative stability index assay were used to quantify the antioxidant power of cornelian cherry extracts. In β-carotene/linoleic acid test, a strong antioxidant activity of 85.84% was observed in the water/ethanol (50:50, v/v) ultrasound assisted extract, which also had the highest extraction yield and total flavonoid and tocopherol contents achieved by this method. In oil oxidative stability index assay, cornelian cherry extracts had higher resistance to oxidation than the tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) synthetic antioxidant. Among the extracts, the longest induction time of 4.50 h belonged to water/ethanol (50:50, v/v) ultrasound-assisted extract. High and significant correlation was found between the extracted components and antioxidant capacity. This research demonstrated that the cornelian cherry fruit can be used as a potential source of natural antioxidant in food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]