Uncovering the effects of bilingual language control on rational decisions: An ERP study.

A growing body of research suggests that the language in which bilinguals make decisions affects the rationality of such decisions. Furthermore, bilinguals constantly confront cross‐language interference that requires complex language control processes to resolve this competition. However, the relationship between language control and decision‐making is unclear. In the current study, we analyze electrophysiological and behavior data elicited from two groups of Chinese‐English bilinguals. One group was trained in intensive language switching and then completed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the other group completed the two tasks in the reverse order. We found that bilinguals who first received language switching training significantly scored higher on the IGT, with the score positively correlating with L1 and L2 switch costs. More importantly, training with language switching first led to an N2 component for L1 switching costs that negatively correlated with both loss feedback‐related negativity and the P3 component. These effects did not emerge among the group of bilinguals who performed the IGT first. Taken together, the findings suggest that bilinguals are assisted in making rational decisions by language control on feedback evaluation. We uncovered the benefits of language control on rational choices using event‐related potentials (ERP). First, bilinguals who benefit from language control tend to get higher net scores on decision‐making than those who do not. Second, stronger language control induces a deeper feedback evaluation, showing more rational choices. Lastly, language control influences decision‐making via inhibition on feedback evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]