同源四倍体不结球白菜‘五月慢’新材料的创制及其特性.

[ Objectives J The paper aimed to create a new material of autotetraploid non-heading Chinese cabbage ' Wuyueman' with high yield and disease resistance. [ Methods J The 2 g • L -i colchicine solution was used to treat the cotyledon growth points of nonheading Chinese cabbage 'Wuyueman' diploid seedlings. The autotetraploid plants were identified by methods of morphological, cytological, anatomical and flow cytometry analysis. Then, the morphological indexes, agronomic traits, nutritional quality, photosynthetic characteristics and disease resistance between diploid and tetraploid plants were compared and analyzed. [ Results] Compared with diploid plants,autotetraploid plants had lower plant expansion,lower length-width ratio of leaves. Meanwhile,autotetraploid plants had oblate leaf shape, markedly thickened petiole, enlarged seeds, flowers organs, and pods. Also, the leaf stoma became larger and the stomata density decreased in autotetraploids. Pollen grains of autotetraploids presented irregular shapes such as rectangle and diamond. The number of cell chromosomes and the fluorescence intensity of DNA of autotetraploids were two times that of diploids. The contents of soluble sugar and cellulose in autotetraploids significantly increased, while the contents of nitrate nitrogen and chlorophyll significantly decreased. The contents of soluble protein and organic acid between diploids and autotetraploids were not significantly changed. In autotetraploids, the light saturation point, light compensation point, and dark breathing rate had increased by 13.47%, 24.02% and 12.12% respectively, and the photosynthetic capacity was stronger than that in diploids. Under the same conditions, the expression level of Botrytis cinerea was lower, and the disease resistance was stronger in autotetraploids. [ Conclusions] A new material of autotetraploid non-heading Chinese cabbage 'Wuyueman' with high yield and disease resistance potential was created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]