The Versatile Soft X-Ray (VerSoX) Beamline at Diamond Light Source.

The cone aperture of 0.3 mm diameter is slightly larger than the footprint of the beam at normal emission ( I i 0.2 mm) and allows pressures up to 100 mbar in the analysis chamber while keeping the pressure in the detector section of the analyzer below 10 SP -6 sp mbar. It features a near ambient-pressure end station capable of performing XPS (X-ray photoelectron Spectroscopy) and NEXAFS (Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure) spectroscopy experiments at gas pressures up to tens of mbar. Summary and outlook The two branches of the VerSoX (Versatile Soft X-ray) beamline B07 of Diamond Light Source cover an energy range from 45 eV (minimum energy of branch B) to 2800 eV (maximum energy of branch C) and currently provide endstations for near-ambient-pressure XPS/NEXAFS (10 SP -9 sp to I i 30 mbar) ambient-pressure NEXAFS (10 SP -7 sp to I i 1000 mbar). Inert and non-toxic gases are supplied via manual leak valves and toxic or flammable gases via a mobile gas delivery system that can be connected to the beamline's exhaust system and is equipped with mass flow controllers and full software control, similar to that of the ambient-pressure XPS/NEXAFS endstation. [Extracted from the article]