Mepolizumab as Anti-interleukin-5 Therapy for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is an inflammatory disease of the nose and paranasal sinuses, with worldwide prevalence. Many patients are unable to attain sufficient improvement in symptoms with the standard medical therapy, and remain symptomatic even after surgical intervention. Recent developments in identifying immunotherapeutics that target the type 2 inflammatory pathway have proven useful for patients with persistent symptoms of CRSwNP. Mepolizumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-5, is currently used to treat various eosinophilic inflammatory conditions, such as severe eosinophilic asthma, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and hypereosinophilic syndrome; in July 2021, it was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in CRSwNP This review summarizes the critical clinical trials involving mepolizumab in CRSwNP management. These studies show that mepolizumab presents another efficacious add-on treatment for patients with refractory CRSwNP [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]