Platycodin D inhibits the malignant progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma by NF‐κB and enhances the therapeutic efficacy of pembrolizumab.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common pathological type of thyroid cancer. Studies have shown that platycodin D has several pharmacological effects like anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti‐tumor effects, while the effect and mechanism of platycodin D on PTC are still unclear. This study was designed to investigate the effects of platycodin D on PTC by a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results revealed that platycodin D inhibits PTC cell viability and clonal levels and affects PTC cell cycle. Platycodin D promotes apoptosis in PTC cells. Furthermore, it inhibits the activation of NF‐κB signaling pathway and affects cell growth. Platycodin D inhibits PD‐L1 expression and enhances the effect of pembrolizumab on PTC cells. In conclusion, platycodin D can effectively block the progression of PTC through the NF‐κB signaling pathway, accompanied by cell cycle arrest and enhanced cell apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo, platycodin D was shown to enhance pembrolizumab's sensitivity to PTC. Platycodin D is a promising monomer for therapy of PTC, providing references for future research on PTC treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]