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Education as a moderator of middle-age cardiovascular risk factor—old-age cognition relationships: testing cognitive reserve hypothesis in epidemiological study.
- Source :
-
Age & Ageing . Feb2022, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p1-8. 8p. 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs. - Publication Year :
- 2022
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Abstract
- Background higher educational attainment and less midlife cardiovascular risk factors are related to better old-age cognition. Whether education moderates the association between cardiovascular risk factors and late-life cognition is not known. We studied if higher education provides resilience against the deteriorative effects of higher middle-age body mass index (BMI) and a combination of midlife cardiovascular risk factors on old-age cognition. Methods the study population is the older Finnish Twin Cohort (n = 4,051, mean age [standard deviation, SD] = 45.5 years [6.5]). Cardiovascular risk factors and education were studied at baseline with questionnaires in 1975, 1981 and/or 1990 (participation rates of 89, 84 and 77%, respectively). Cognition was evaluated with telephone interviews (participation rate 67%, mean age [SD] =73.4 [2.9] years, mean follow-up [SD] = 27.8 [6.0] years) in 1999–2017. We studied the main and interactive effects of education and BMI/dementia risk score on late-life cognition with linear regression analysis. The study design was formulated before the pre-defined analyses. Results years of education moderated the association between BMI with old-age cognition (among less educated persons, BMI-cognition association was stronger [ B = −0.24 points per BMI unit, 95% CI −0.31, −0.18] than among more educated persons [ B = −0.06 points per BMI unit, 95% CI −0.16, 0.03], P interaction < 0.01). There was a similar moderating effect of education on dementia risk score consisting of cardiovascular risk factors (P < 0.001). Conclusions our results support the cognitive reserve hypothesis. Those with higher education may tolerate the deteriorative effects of midlife cardiovascular risk factors on old-age cognition better than those with lower education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00020729
- Volume :
- 51
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Age & Ageing
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 155493006
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afab228