New records and a significant range extension of the recently described Pelexia vinosa A.W.C. Ferreira, M.I.S. Lima & Pansarin (Orchidaceae) in southernmost Brazil.

We present new records for Pelexia vinosa A.W.C. Ferreira, M.I.S. Lima & Pansarin, a Brazilian terricolous orchid described in 2012 and at that moment known only from the type population and considered endemic to the state of São Paulo. We report the occurrence of populations in seasonal semideciduous forest fragments at three locations in the southernmost Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. This would mean that the species distribution is extended by ca. 1,500 km in a straight line from previous records. We also reassess the conservation status of P. vinosa as Endangered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]