Numerical and physical simulation of the forging process with liquid core.

DEFORM-3D software was used to simulate the forging process with liquid core. Three orthogonal tests were designed to obtain the results with solid-phase thickness, reduction amount and pressing speed as three factors. The significant factors were acquired by the range analysis which affected the values of the equivalent strain and the equivalent stress in the solid-phase region, the solid–liquid two-phase region and the liquid-phase region. We mastered the deformation law during the forging process with liquid core. Four groups of the physical models of the multilayer gradient were also established under laboratory conditions. Fifty-three sets of forging parameters data were recorded including the solid-phase thickness, the reduction amount, the pressing speed and the forming pressure in each group. We constructed the relationship equation between the forming pressure and the other three factors in Origin. The equation provided a theoretical basis for selecting the press tonnage during the forging process with liquid core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]