A fuel-efficient model for connected automated vehicles considering geometric conditions.

The goal of this study was to develop a fuel-efficient driving strategy that evaluates upcoming longitudinal road grades under a self-driving mode. The fuel consumptions for different road terrains at varying speeds were analysed. The results revealed that 73·6% out of the 2000 road terrains examined showed minimum fuel consumption when using the suggested driving mode. The vehicle drove at a constant speed on the level plane, decelerated while climbing uphill and accelerated during downhill. A look-up table associating optimal speed variations with minimum fuel consumption was developed by analysing the relationships between speed variation, grade and speed. The suggested models showed decreases in fuel consumption of 20% and decreases in emissions of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides of 16·7%, 90·5%, 82·8% and 73·3%, respectively. The findings were applied to establish a driving strategy for the V2X (vehicle-to-everything) environment of connected automated vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]