Epilepsy and TRPV1: A review of literature.

Epilepsy is a neurological disease of the central nervous system. The prevalence of epilepsy is about 2- 3% in the population. The epilepsy is characterized by the seizures. The symptoms of epilepsy include several symptoms such as confusion, uncontrollable jerking movements of the arms and legs, and loss of consciousness or awareness. There are different types of epilepsy. In the etiology of epilepsy, several factors were proposed by the researchers. The excessive Ca2+ influx has a main role in the seizure of epilepsy. There are several drugs for the treatment of epilepsy, but they have limited action in the treatment of some types of epilepsy. TRPV1 channel is a member of the TRP superfamily. TRPV1 is a Ca2+ permeable ion channel within the TRP superfamily. The TRPV1 are activated in neuronal cells by several stimuli such as hot chili pepper component (capsaicin), acidic pH (≤ 5.5), and heat (≥ 43 °C). The involvements of the calcium channels such as chemical and voltage gated were deeply indicated in the studies of cell culture, experimental animals, and human. However, the recent data indicated involvement of TRPV1 in the etiology of epilepsy. In addition, the administration of TRPV1 agonist (capsaicin) accelerated the seizures of epilepsy, although the pretreatments of TRPV1 antagonists (capsazepine and AMG9810) inhibited the formation of epileptic seizures in the rodents (Nazıroğlu 2015; Mohandass et al. 2020; Gladkikh et al. 2021). However, there are conflicting results on the subject, and the modulator role of TRPV1 in the formation of epileptic seizures in the pentylenetetrazolinduced kindling model in mice (Suemaru et al. 2018). In conclusion, it seems that TRPV1 has an essential role in the etiology of epilepsy. The inhibition of TRPV1 may be a new strategy for the treatment of epilepsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]