西印度醋栗的化学成分及药理活性研究进展.

Phyllanthus acidus, an evergreen shrub or tree in Euphorbiaceae, is mainly distributed in Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos, etc. It is also introduced and cultivated in Xishuangbanna and Yuanjiang areas of Yunnan Province, China. The fruits are edible and the plant has been widely used to treat various diseases, such as hypertension, asthma, diabetes, dermatitis, fever, smallpox, and so on, by the local people of its growing areas. Moreover, the young leaves are utilized as edible vegetables in Indonesia, Thailand and India. Phytochemical studies yielded sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and triterpenes from roots and stems, and flavonoids as the major chemical constituents from the leaves. Some constituents showed obvious anti-hepatitis B virus(HBV), anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and anti-hypertensive activities. For example, parts of the norbisabolane sesquiterpenes displayed potential anti-HBV activities, with IC50 values of 0.8-36 μmol·L-1 against HBV surface antigen(HBsAg)and HBV excreted antigen(HBeAg), and the results indicate that the ketal group at C-5 and sugar moieties at C-13 play important roles in the selectivity of HBsAg and HBeAg. This paper reviews the research progress of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of the plant from 1966 to 2020, which provides scientific evidence and reference for its future study, spread, application and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]