Oxidized lipid‐associated protein damage in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: New diagnostic/prognostic clinical markers.

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), a chronic metabolic disorder of autoimmune origin, has been associated with oxidative stress (OS), which plays a central role in the onset, progression, and long‐term complications of DM1. The markers of OS lipid peroxidation products, lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and also malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) that oxidatively modify proteins (Pr) (i.e., PrMDA and PrTBARS, respectively), have been associated with DM2, DM1, diabetic neuropathy, and microalbuminuria. Objective/Subjects: Here, we investigated LOOH, PrMDA and PrTBARS in 50 children and adolescents with DM1 and 21 controls. Results: The novel OS marker PrTBARS was assessed for the first time in children and adolescents with DM1. LOOH and the pair PrMDA/PrTBARS, representing early and late peroxidation stages, respectively, are found to be significantly higher (130%, 50/90%, respectively, at p < 0.001) in patients with DM1 compared to controls. The studied OS parameters did not differ with age, age at diagnosis, sex, duration of DM1, presence of recent ketosis/ketoacidosis, or mode of treatment. Conclusions: We propose that LOOH, PrMDA and the new marker PrTBARS could serve as potential diagnostic clinical markers for identifying OS in children and adolescents with DM1, and may, perhaps, hold promise as a prognostic tool for future complications associated with the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]