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Capsule-C: an improved Steinernema carpocapsae capsule formulation for controlling Agrotis ipsilon Hufnagel (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
- Source :
-
Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control . 11/27/2021, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p1-10. 10p. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Background: Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have long been used for controlling soil-dwelling insects. Steinernema carpocapsae HB310, previously showed a high virulence against many pests including Agrotis ipsilon Hufnagel (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Due to the lack of durable formulations, up until now, S. carpocapsae HB310 has thus far been prevented from use in large-scale farming. The present study aimed to get a better EPNs capsule formulation suitable for long-term storage and effective application. Results: An improved EPNs capsule formulation, herein named: Capsule-C was prepared by the following composition: Solution I: 18% glycerol, 0.075% formaldehyde, 1% sodium alginate, 0.2% xanthan gum, 0.5% potassium sorbate, 9% glucose, 2% fructose, 2% sucrose, and the remainder was distilled water. The nematodes suspension was added to the alginate mixture in 2 × 104 IJs/mL; Solution II: 18% glycerol, 0.075% formaldehyde, 0.5% calcium chloride, 0.5% potassium sorbate, with the remainder being distilled water. After storage for 180 days at 16 °C and 100% RH, the survival rate of nematodes in Capsule-C was 75.68 ± 0.48% and the nematodes caused 82.33 ± 1.45% mortality in the 5th instar larvae of Galleria mellonella. A. ipsilon larvae preferred to chew and ingest Capsule-C due to the addition of the glucose compound. The feeding rate of A. ipsilon larvae on Capsule-C reached to 100% within 24 h and the larval mortality of A. ipsilon was 90.48 ± 6.35%. Conclusion: EPNs-containing capsules were as effective as sprayed EPNs in water solution at killing A. ipsilon. These results will provide ideas to acquire a stable and efficient EPNs capsule formulation and further promote the application of environmental friendly biological pesticides. Highlights: We developed an improved capsule formulation named as Capsule-C supplemented with glucose, which can obviously increase the larva feeding amount of Agrotis ipsilon. The nematodes of Steinernema carpocapsae HB310 in Capsule-C survived well and maintained high pathogenicity against Galleria mellonella after storage for 180 days. Under laboratory conditions, Capsule-C could be released into the rhizosphere directly and effectively reduced maize seedlings damage by A.ipsilon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 11101768
- Volume :
- 31
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 153818519
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00492-5