Regulation of zeolite-derived upconversion photocatalytic system for near infrared light/ultrasound dual-triggered multimodal melanoma therapy under a boosted hypoxia relief tumor microenvironment via autophagy.

[Display omitted] • LTA zeolites loaded C 3 N 4 system could enhance ROS production efficiency via photocatalytic. • C 3 N 4 contributes to high surface conductivity and high drug loading. • UCNPs-C 3 N 4 -Ce6 system could relief the tumour hypoxia. • UCNPs-C 3 N 4 -Ce6 system could induce autophagic cell death with minimal negative side effects. • PDT and SDT was proved capable of maximizing the ROS yield. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production efficiency, tumor microenvironment hypoxia relief, and autophagy-induced cell death with minimal negative effects are considered the main objectives to achieve more efficient tumor treatment. However, realizing highly effective cancer treatment under hypoxia relief with a cell autophagy model based on suitable biomaterials is still a challenge. Herein, a biosafe upconversion nanomaterial based on Linde Type A (LTA) zeolites loaded with carbon nitride (C 3 N 4) photocatalyst and chlorin e6 (Ce6) was developed as a rationally regulated photocatalytic system and multimodal tumor therapeutic platform. C 3 N 4 contributes to stability, tumor hypoxia relief, high surface conductivity and high drug-loading. Remarkably, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) were proven capable of maximizing the ROS yield to obtain highly tumor therapeutic outcomes. Photothermal conversion efficiency was 46.72%. Furthermore, internalized nanomaterials can result in tumor inhibition through cell autophagy. The as-developed system shows a promising potential in the multimodal cancer therapeutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]