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Effects of growing region and maturity stages on oil yield, fatty acid profile and tocopherols of Pistacia atlantica Desf. fruit and their implications on resulting biodiesel.
- Source :
-
Renewable Energy: An International Journal . Jan2022, Vol. 181, p167-181. 15p. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Pistacia atlantica Desf. fruit oil may be considered as a feedstock which is low cost and does not compete with food crops for biodiesel production. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of the variation in fatty-acid composition and oil accumulation in developing P. atlantica fruits on the resulting biodiesel properties. Samples were collected from two Algerian sites, i.e. Ain oussera and Laghouat. Gas-liquid chromatography revealed that the oleic acid (51.6–55.4% of fatty acids) was the major component, followed by linoleic acid (21.9–29.4%), and palmitic acid (12.7–19.4%). The highest tocopherol isomer contents were observed in the immature stage (200–256 μg g−1 oil). The quality of the biodiesels synthesized from immature and mature P. atlantica fruit oils was tested according to the international standards. All biodiesel samples exhibited a high energy content with a higher heating value (HHV) of 40 MJ kg−1. Meanwhile, the cetane number, long chain saturation factor, degree of unsaturation, oxidative stability and density were in the ranges 53–55, 4.3–5.6, 101–113, 3.4–3.8 h, and 852–862 kg m−3, respectively. The cold flow behavior of biodiesel was assessed through the cloud point (CP) and the cold filter plugging point (CFPP). The CP value ranged from −4.5 to −2.3 °C, and CFPP from −7.1 to −4.9 °C. The above fuel properties comply with the limits imposed by the EN 14214–08, GB/T 20828–07 and ASTM D6751-2010 standards, showing a promising source for biodiesel production in Algeria. • Potential of Pistacia atlantica fruit oils as renewable energy is demonstrated. • Effects of harvest period and growing region on oil content are evaluated. • Biodiesel was produced through the esterification of fatty acids. • Biodiesel from P. atlantia fruit oil has quality equivalent to standards. • Physicochemical characterization established biodiesel's suitability for engines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 09601481
- Volume :
- 181
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Renewable Energy: An International Journal
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 153414876
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.09.057