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Diagnostic criteria for blepharospasm: A multicenter international study.
- Source :
-
Parkinsonism & Related Disorders . Oct2021, Vol. 91, p109-114. 6p. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- <bold>Background: </bold>There are no widely accepted criteria to aid the physician in diagnosing BSP.<bold>Objective: </bold>To validate recently proposed diagnostic criteria for blepharospasm in a larger and geographically diverse population and to develop a screening system for blepharospasm.<bold>Methods: </bold>Video-recordings from 211 blepharospasm patients and 166 healthy/disease controls were examined by 8 raters. Agreement for presence of orbicularis oculi spasms, sensory trick, and increased blinking was measured by k statistics. Inability to voluntarily suppress the spasms was asked by the examiner but not captured in the video. Patients/controls were also requested to fill a self-administered questionnaire addressing relevant blepharospasm clinical aspects. The diagnosis at each site was the gold standard for sensitivity/specificity.<bold>Results: </bold>All the study items yielded satisfactory inter/intra-observer agreement. Combination of items rather than each item alone reached satisfactory sensitivity/specificity. The combined algorithm started with recognition of spasms followed by sensory trick. In the absence of a sensory trick, including "increased blinking" or "inability to voluntarily suppress the spasms" or both items yielded 88-92% sensitivity and 79-83% specificity. No single question of the questionnaire yielded high sensitivity/specificity. Serial application of the questionnaire to our blepharospasm and control subjects and subsequent clinical examination of subjects screening positive by the validated diagnostic algorithms yielded 78-81% sensitivity and 83-91% specificity.<bold>Conclusion: </bold>These results support the use of proposed diagnostic criteria in multi-ethnic, multi-center cohorts. We also propose a case-finding procedure to screen blepharospasm in a given population with less effort than would be required by examination of all subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 13538020
- Volume :
- 91
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 153324197
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.09.004