Target Kinematic State Estimation With Passive Multistatic Radar.

This article examines methods for and results of determining the instantaneous kinematic state of a target, i.e., its velocity and heading, using passive multistatic radar. This is achieved by combining bistatic target range and Doppler information obtained by multiple bistatic transmitter–receiver pairs, to estimate the appropriate target velocity vector. This estimation is provided as a set of closed-form equations, derived for a general case applicable to an arbitrary number of transmitters. The feasibility of the proposed approach and its accuracy predictions, as a function of the number of transmitters, are experimentally confirmed via a dedicated experimental campaign with Global Navigation Satellite Systems as transmitters of opportunity, where two different and relatively slow-moving maritime targets were in the field of view of up to 12 satellite transmitters belonging to different satellite constellations (GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo) simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]