Differences of PM2.5 health risks and influencing factors in different types of cities.

Currently, the relationship between the deteriorating air quality and citizens' demands for a clean and healthy environment is becoming increasingly tense, which forces cities to solve air pollution and related health problems in the process of urban development. Based on the remote sensing data of PM2.5 concentration and population density in China from 2008 to 2018, an exposure-response function was used to estimate the mortality and morbidity caused by long-term exposure to PM2.5 pollution. Furthermore, the K-Means cluster analysis method was selected for city classification, and econometric models were established for different types of cities to analyze health risk factors. The results showed that: Although PM2.5 pollution and related health risks experienced a process of deterioration, mitigation, and then improvement, all kinds of health problems caused by pollution were still severe, with hundreds of people suffering from premature deaths and related diseases. From the analysis of influencing factors, health risks were mainly affected by factors such as urbanization rate, population density, industrial structure, and economic development. In terms of different types of cities, the leading factors of health risks in industrial cities were urbanization rate, population density and industrial structure; those of resource-based cities were urbanization rate and population density; those of central cities were population density and industrial structure; and those of other types of cities were urbanization rate and population density. Finally, based on the differences in urban characteristics and leading factors of health risks, this study gives policy recommendations for urban development modeling, industrial structure optimization, public health service improvement, and evaluation standard reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]