L'extrait phénolique de l'enveloppe charnue d'amande (Prunus amygdalus L.) restaure le métabolisme lipidique chez la souris hyperlipidémique et prévient l'oxydation des lipoprotéines plasmatiques.

This work was designed to study the effect of a polyphenol-rich extract from the pericarpe of sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus L.) on the plasma lipid profile in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice and on the prevention of lipoprotein oxidation. It is noted that the phenolic extract significantly reduces total plasma cholesterol by 58% (P < 0.001) and triglycerides by 62% (P < 0.001). In addition, this extract significantly reduces the elevated LDL-cholesterol level by 61% (P <0.05) and increases HDL-cholesterol by 71% (P < 0.05). The extract also significantly lowered the value of the atherogenicity index by -72% (P <0.01) and that of the LDL/HDL ratio by 55% (P < 0.05). On the other hand, this extract has a dose-dependent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl anti-radical effect with an IC50 = 18.8 ± 0.55 µg/ml and significantly inhibits the oxidation of the lipoprotein-rich plasma (IC50 = 13.8 ± 0.57 µg /ml). Our results show that the extract is rich in polar polyphenols (total polyphenols: 342.63 ±3.44 mg/g, tannins: 144.67 ± 6.83 mg/g, flavonoids: 20.66 ± 0.92 mg/g), which could improve lipid metabolism and prevent the oxidation of lipoproteins and thus have a beneficial effect in the prevention of atherosclerosis and the related cardiovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]