A discrete-time second-best dynamic road pricing scheme considering the existence of multiple equilibria.

When multiple equilibria exist, the desired traffic equilibrium, may not be reached through a day-to-day dynamic adjustment process. Han et al. ["Discrete-Time Day-to-Day Dynamic Congestion Pricing Scheme Considering Multiple Equilibria." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 104: 1–16.] proposed a day-to-day dynamic pricing scheme charged on all links to ensure the desired traffic equilibrium can be achieved even when multiple equilibria exist. However, due to many practical constraints, the second-best pricing scheme has more practical interests. This study first discussed the issues of existing congestion pricing schemes for second-best case. Then, this study developed a second-best dynamic road pricing scheme that is implemented on a dynamic subset of the road links in the network. Our rigorous theoretical proof and numerical tests prove that the dynamic pricing scheme can drive the traffic state evolution towards the desired second-best traffic user equilibrium state from any initial traffic state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]