A variational pragmatic analysis of the speech act of complaint focusing on Alexandrian and Najdi Arabic.

There is little pragmatic research on the pluricentric nature of the Arabic language. The current study highlights this nature by adopting a variational pragmatic approach to examine the complaint behavior of speakers of two Arabic dialects: Alexandrian Arabic versus Najdi Arabic. Data were collected from 120 undergraduates through roleplays and coded using an adapted version of Trosborg's (1995) coding scheme for complaints and internal modifiers. The findings showed that both groups preferred using directive acts followed by expressions of disapproval and blame in their complaints. However, the use of hints and accusations was minimized. The study found that Alexandrians employ more direct complaint strategies and exhibit less influence of the social variables of gender, social distance, and social dominance than Najdis. Additionally, both groups show concern for a complainee's negative face but to varying degrees. The results are interpreted in the context of existing literature, politeness theory, and relevant cultural models. • Alexandrians and Najdis prefer to use directive acts to complain. • Hints and accusations are used to the minimum by Alexandrians and Najdis. • Alexandrians exhibit a more direct/pragmatic approach to complaints than Najdis. • Alexandrians and Najdis are highly influenced by social distance and dominance. • The current study calls for revising several politeness and cultural models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]