Untapping the potential of plant mycobiomes for applications in agriculture.

Plant–fungal interactions are widespread in nature, and their multiple benefits for plant growth and health have been amply demonstrated. Endophytic and epiphytic fungi can significantly increase plant resilience, improving plant nutrition, stress tolerance and defence. Although some of these interactions have been known for decades, the relevance of the plant mycobiome within the plant microbiome has been largely underestimated. Our limited knowledge of fungal biology and their interactions with plants in the broader phytobiome context has hampered the development of optimal biotechnological applications in agrosystems and natural ecosystems. Exciting recent technical and knowledge advances in the context of molecular and systems biology open a plethora of opportunities for developing this field of research. • Fungi are key components of the plant microbiome. • They can be applied as biostimulants, biofertilizers and biopesticides. • Scientific and technological advances on fungal biology and ecology are improving inoculant efficiency. • Emerging experimental evidence points to higher performance for synthetic microbial communities including fungi. • Management of native microbial communities can tailor mycobiome composition and applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]