四川山地、丘陵玉米N、P、K需肥特性及肥料利用率研究.

[Objective] The present paper aimed to understand the demand characteristics of N,P,K and the fertilizer utilization rate of corn in Sichuan mountainous and hilly areas. [Method] The field experiments of farmers' habitual fertilization (Cl) and no-fertilization (CK) in mountainous and hilly areas of Sichuan province were conducted to study the N,P,K demand of maize in different periods during the whole growth period and the fertilizer utilization rate and nutrient harvest index under fertilization conditions. [Result] The N, P and K uptake in maize accounted for the whole growth period from sowing date to trefoil stage were 1.34%, 5.33% and 10.33% ;From trefoil stage to jointing stage:4. 54%, 30. 76% and 14.42% ;From jointing stage to heading stage: 29. 74%, 29. 48% and 29. 14% ; From heading stage to silking stage:25. 7%, — 1. 84% and 46.84% ;From silking stage to maturing stage:38. 69%, 36. 27% and —0.72% ;The nitrogen and phosphorus demand of maize in late growth stage was mainly grain, potassium was stem and grain; In Zhongjiang and Guangyuan experimental sites, the contribution rates of conventional fertilizer to maize yield were 27. 98% and 25. 09%, the harvest index ranges of N,P and K were 0.65 —0.67,0.64 — 0. 66 and 0.30 —0.33, and compared with no fertilization, fertilization promoted the transfer of photosynthate to grain, but did not reach the significant level. [Conclusion] There is poor coordination between fertilization and demand of maize in Sichuan area, low fertilizer utilization rate, which affects maize yield and quality. The fertilization methods or types need to be further improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]