雾化吸入布地奈德治疗超早早产儿支气管肺发育不良 效果观察.

Objective To observe the clinical effect and adverse reactions of budesonide in the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia （BPD） in extremely premature infants （with gestational age at birth of less than 28 weeks）. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the treatment of 46 extremely premature infants with BPD， including the inhalation group of 20 cases and control group of 26 cases. The infants of inhalation group were treated with aerosol inhalation of 0. 5 mg budesonide， from the 28th day after birth， twice a day， for 10 days. The infants of the control group were not treated with budesonide or other types of glucocorticoids. Then the ventilator parameters of both on the 28th day and the 38th day after birth were compared between the two groups， including peak inspiratory pressure （PIP），mean airway pressure （MAP），fraction of inspired oxygen（FiO2 ），and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide （PCO2 ）. The duration of ventilation time， inhale oxygen time and hospitalization time were compared between the two groups to determine the treatment effects. The severity of BPD and adverse reactions were also compared between the two groups at the postmenstrual age of 36 weeks. Results After budesonide inhalation， the ventilator parameters on the 38th day after birth were significantly lower than those of the control group， including PIP， MAP， FiO2 and PCO2 （all P<0. 05）. There were 8 mild BPD cases，9 moderate BPD cases and 3 severe BPD cases in the inhalation group， while there were 3，12 and 11 cases in the control group. Compared with the control group， the proportion of mild BPD cases was higher and the proportion of severe cases was lower in the inhalation group （all P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P>0.05）. The follow-up results of body weight， body length， head circumference and Gesell scores showed no statistically difference between the two groups at the postmenstrual age of 36 weeks and 6 months （all P>0. 05）. Conclusion The inhalation of budesonide in the treatment of extremely preterm infants with BPD can shorten the duration of ventilator time and oxygen supply time， reduce the proportion of infants with severe BPD， and meanwhile， it has good security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]