Inmunopatogenia de la COVID-19, aspectos farmacológicos y toxicológicos de los candidatos vacunales.

Introduction: At the end of December 2019, a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the causative agent of a disease called COVID-19 by the World Health Organization. Objective: To describe the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19, as well as the pharmacological and toxicological aspects of the vaccine candidates. Methodological Design: A review of the main characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, morphology, structure, and mechanisms of entry and exit of the cell was carried out. Specific and non-specific immune responses were analyzed. Finally, an analysis of the pharmacological and toxicological aspects of the vaccine candidates used in the fight against COVID-19 was carried out. Conclusions: The invasion of the human body by the SARS-CoV-2 virus induces an immune response that may or may not be effective depending on internal factors or factors outside the host. The understanding of the immune response with the evaluation of the described cytokines may represent a useful scenario in the use of targets for effective therapies. Despite the advances in worldwide studies on the invasion mechanisms and defenses against SARS-CoV-2, there is still no effective therapy; other studies should be carried out that allow more effective directing of current treatments. In relation to this criterion, the pharmacological and toxicological aspects that the vaccine preparations could have on human health must be taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]