Practical control schemes of a battery/supercapacitor system for electric vehicle.

A hybrid energy storage system for electric vehicle using supercapacitors and a battery is studied. Using energetic macroscopic representation formalism, an inversion‐based control (IBC) can be deduced. A comparison between IBC and two other control schemes is performed within a practical aspect. Simulation and experimental tests with a reduced‐scale test bed are provided using a real driving cycle of an electric car. The results point out a more effective behaviour for the IBC than the other control schemes in terms of dynamical response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]