Non‐linear recurrent ANN‐based LFC design considering the new structures of Q matrix.

This paper presents the design of a non‐linear recurrent artificial neural network (ANN) based load frequency control (LFC) of a two‐area power system interconnected via HVDC tie‐line in parallel with EHVAC line. The control design is based on the combination of robust LFC and optimisation of recurrent ANN so that designed LFC scheme is suitable to handle the diverse operating conditions of power system. The various structures of the state cost weighting matrix (Q), i.e. controllability and observability aspects which affect the dynamics of the power system are used for the LFC design. The feedback gains achieved by the implementation of robust LFC using the different structures of Q are used to effectively train the recurrent ANN‐based LFC design and its performance is analysed with and without system non‐linearity's for 1% step load disturbance in one of the control areas to show the superiority of one design over the others. The closed‐loop system eigenvalues obtained for the system ensure the system stability. Furthermore, the recurrent ANN‐based LFC performance is evaluated for the diverse system operating conditions and compared with multi‐layer perceptron (MLP) ANN‐based and conventional PI control schemes to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed LFC design scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]