HIGH TEMPERATURES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON PLANTS AND BEES.

The analysis of the effect of high ambient temperatures on entomophilous plants and honey bees is carried out. The research of the species composi􀆟on of entomophilous plants, the 􀆟ming of their flowering, of the temperature peaks during the summer was conducted in accordance with the condi􀆟ons of the Fergana region, Uzbekistan. The ethological behavior of bees at high temperatures was carried out at Holosiivska educa􀆟onal and research apiary of NULES of Ukraine. Trere were used generally accepted methods at experiments. According to the research results, the maximum ambient temperatures for Fergana, Uzbekistan were determined. It is established that according to condi􀆟ons of the Fergana region of Uzbekistan, honey plants and bees are most exposed to high temperatures during the second half of summer. It was analyzed the species variety of entomophilous plants of the Fergana Valley. The most common species of plants by areas of their dissemina􀆟on have been iden􀆟fied. Plants are grouped in each zone, subject to influence of high temperatures during their flowering period. The effects of heat on the flight ac􀆟vity of worker bees and their behavior are determined. During the day, under the influence of high temperatures, the bees of the families did not show the same ac􀆟vity to flying. They ac􀆟vely fly off in the morning. As the temperature increased, the number of departures was decreased. This o􀅌en happened from 11 a.m. to 6 p.m. During this period, the aggressiveness of bees in the colonies increased. They more o􀅌en visited drinking bowls and brought water. In addi􀆟on, bees ac􀆟vely ven􀆟lated the nests. Some of them opened the nest and hung on the walls of the hive. Under prolonged exposure of high temperatures, worker bees hung in bunches on the walls of the hive even at night. This behavior of bees lasted un􀆟l the temperature dropped to 28 °C and below. Given to the nega􀆟ve impact of global warming on flora and fauna, it is increase the importance of honey bees as part of the biocenosis of wildlife, the likelihood of ex􀆟nc􀆟on of many species of plants and animals. It is concluded that it is necessary to improve the ecology, to deep research related to the effects of high temperatures on honey bees and entomophy􀆟c plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]