Modelling of inter‐area angular dynamics and proactive defence strategy in deregulated power grids with large‐scale integration of renewable energy sources.

Power grid restructuring together with the integration of inertia less uncertain renewable generation, has resulted in depletion of inherent primary frequency response in the grid. Characterisation of inter‐area dynamics under uncertain generation and requisite reserve deployment strategies are not very well dealt with in the literature. Uncertainties in deregulated market demand proactive defence strategies to ensure stable and reliable power to consumers. This work depicts the inter‐area oscillation dynamics and proposes a proactive reserve deployment strategy based on probabilistic forecast error modelling. The model of oscillatory dynamics of deregulated power grids is established based on forecast error. The developed model could deliver better insight to wide‐area angular dynamics of the power grid. Reserve index developed on prior knowledge of this angular dynamics and probabilistic renewable generation serves as a key input to proposed proactive reserve deployment strategy defending the probable angular oscillations. WSCC 9‐bus system and IEEE 39‐bus system are adopted to analyse inter‐area angular dynamics as well as validate proposed proactive defence strategies in maintaining the reliable and secure operation of a deregulated grid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]