Exploring Longitudinal Observables with 3+1D IP-Glasma.

We present a formulation of the initial state of heavy ion collisions that generalizes the 2+1D boost invariant IP-Glasma [B. Schenke, P. Tribedy, R. Venugopalan, Fluctuating Glasma initial conditions and flow in heavy ion collisions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 (2012) 252301.] to 3+1D through JIMWLK rapidity evolution of the pre-collision Wilson lines. The rapidity dependence introduced by the JIMWLK evolution leads us to modify the initial condition for the gauge fields, and to solve Gauss' law iteratively in order to allow for temporal evolution on a 3-dimensional lattice. While the transverse physics of QGP has been studied nearly exhaustively, the effect of longitudinal fluctuations introduced by the JIMWLK evolution has yet to be studied in detail phenomenologically. Hence, we couple our 3+1D IP-Glasma model to MUSIC+UrQMD, for completely 3+1D simulations of heavy ion collisions. Specifically, we consider Pb-Pb collisions at s = 2.76 TeV and study the rapidity dependence of the charged hadron ν n (η) via the η -dependent flow factorization ratios r n (η a , η b) as measured by CMS [V. Khachatryan, et al., Evidence for transverse momentum and pseudorapidity dependent event plane fluctuations in PbPb and pPb collisions, Phys. Rev. C 92 (3) (2015) 034911.], as well as the charged hadron multiplicity dN ch / dη. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]