The manufacturing process and spectral features of tilted fiber Bragg gratings.

• Multiplex cross-sensitive have been implemented through the TFBGs manufacturing process. • Available sensors for biochemical and mechanical that can be caused by a controlled tilted angle and exposure dose. • TFBGs sensing spectra with particular emphasis on cladding, ghost, and Bragg mode have been proposed. The controllable cross-sensitivities of tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) are strongly related to the control of the parameters during the manufacturing process. The TFBG spectrum characterization, which can demonstrate cross-sensitivities, is controlled by the process parameters. Cross-sensitivities analyses in biochemical surrounding refractive index (SRI) (cladding mode) and mechanical sensing (Bragg and ghost mode) are evaluated through processing parameters, including the rotating tilted angles of phase-mask, laser exposure dose time, and reducing fiber diameters. The results of this study show the cross-sensing ability in both biochemical and mechanical sensing that can be caused by a controlled tilted angle was 10° and exposure dose of five minutes while obtaining the cladding and Bragg modes of TFBGs with broad spectral coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]