No Scrubs: Livestock Breeding, Eugenics, and the State in the Early Twentieth-Century United States.

The article discusses livestock breeding in the United States during the early twentieth century, focusing particularly on aspects of eugenics and government policy towards certain animals between 1919 and 1933. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Cooperative Extension Service (CES) defined scrubs as bulls of mixed or unknown breeding capable of passing along undesirable traits if bred, thus leading to many of them being killed after mock trials to prevent their breeding and passing along their traits to their progeny. It argues such programs followed popularly held notions of eugenics and race of the period.