Development of a rapid technique for extraction of viral DNA/RNA for whole genome sequencing directly from clinical liver tissues.

• Whole genome sequencing of hepatic viral pathogens requires high quality nucleic acid which necessitates a time-consuming process involving propagation of the virus in vitro. • Extraction of viral nucleic acid directly from infected liver tissues is often unsatisfactory due to high liver fat content and renders low quantity and quantity viral nucleic acid. • This study presents a simple treatment procedure with kaolin hydrated aluminium silicate and subsequent enrichment to extract high quality DNA from livers affected with Fowl aviadenovirus. • Extracted viral DNA proved suitable for sensitive PCR detection of the virus as well whole genome sequencing. Characterisation of the entire genome of Fowl aviadenoviruses (FAdV) requires isolation and propagation of the virus in chicken embryo liver or kidney cells, a process which is not only time consuming but may occasionally fail to result in viral growth. Furthermore, in a mixed infection, isolation in cell culture may result in the loss of viral strains. In this study, we optimised a FAdV DNA extraction technique directly from affected liver tissues using kaolin hydrated aluminium silicate treatment. The whole genome of FAdV was sequenced directly from extracted DNA without any targetted PCR based enrichment. The extraction method was also tested on avian liver tissues affected with the RNA virus Avian hepatitis E virus and demonstrated to yield sequencing grade RNA. Therefore, the method described here is a simple technique which is potentially useful for the extraction of sequencing grade DNA/RNA from tissues with high fat content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]