Historický výskyt krysy obecné (Rattus rattus) v jižních Čechách.

The paper summarizes all available information on the black rat (Rattus rattus) occurrence in South Bohemia. Both archaeozoological and zoological data are reviewed. The first record of the black rat in South Bohemia dates back to the late 14th century. Bones of at least six individuals were discovered during archaeological excavation of a non-functional well in the town hall of České Budějovice. The rodent was present there also during the period of mid-15th - early 16th century, as evidenced by finding of the osteological remains of at least two black rats in a waste midden. The other possible medieval locality of the black rat is the Netolice town, where a single bone was collected. The uncertainty of dating is due to the archaeological context, when much younger period is also an option. During the 20th century the black rat mummies were discovered in a house in Český Krumlov town and in a mill nearby České Budějovice. The mummified individuals were dated back to the 18th century and the forties or fifties of the 20th century, respectively. In the 19th century an undated stuffed specimen of the black rat from the Nové Hrady town was stored in the house of Schwarzenberg natural history collections. Whereas voucher specimens for recent occurrences are either lost or dubious, the medieval black rat bones are preserved in the Prachatice Museum and the Museum of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. As there are no records of the black rat in South Bohemia since the 1950s, the species is presumed extinct here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]