MIGRACIÓN Y RESIDENCIA POSMARITAL EN EL NOROESTE ARGENTINO.

Social relations and postmarital residence patterns in northwestern Argentina are investigated by analyzing phenotypic traits in Puna de Jujuy, Quebrada de Humahuaca, Valle Calchaquí and Selvas Occidentales. The study includes 29 archaeological sites and 947 individuals dated from 500 BC to 1450 AD. The distribution of the sexes and their phenotypic differences between subregions and between sites were evaluated using discriminant analysis. The postmarital residence pattern was determined by the relationship between sex variances, D² values and the estimation of Fst statistics to establish the influence of migration on genetic variation between and within populations. The results suggest patterns of matrilocal and patrilocal residence determined by different migration rates and by the effective size of both sexes. The evidences obtained allow explaining the factors that determine the social structure of the populations in the late phase of the development of the Argentine Northwest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]