螺旋扰动锥体离心式排肥器设计与试验.

The problem of environmental pollution caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers has seriously restricted the sustainable development of green-oriented agriculture in China. Quantitative and uniform mechanized fertilization as an important measure to improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers has become an important way to solve agricultural environmental pollution. In this paper, a spiral disturbance cone centrifugal chemical fertilizer apparatus was designed to solve the problem of precision fertilization due to the insufficient fluency and stability of the fertilizer apparatus fertilizing processes and insufficient uniformity of fertilizer discharge. First of all, the design principles and working principles of the fertilizer apparatus is illustrated. Then the structural parameters of the spirally disturbance cup and curved cone disk are designed, based on the physical and mechanical properties of the granular fertilizer and the requirement of fertilization for rapeseed sowing. Moreover, fluency, uniformity and stability of the fertilizing performance are verified by bench test and field test. The SINO-AGRI fertilizer, STANLEY fertilizer and EZHONG fertilizer are respectively used as experimental materials to carry out the bench test of the fertilizer apparatus. The rotational speed of cone disc measured by SW6234C laser speedometer, there are total 6 levels, are 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 r/min. Coefficient of variation of fertilizing amount consistency in every row, the coefficient of variation of fertilizing amount stability and coefficient of fertilizing amount consistency in same row are used as the evaluation index in the bench test for evaluating fluency, uniformity and stability of the fertilizing performance. The test results of bench show that the variation coefficient of fertilizing amount in every row of three compound fertilizers is below 11.5%. The coefficient of variation of fertilizing stability under chemical fertilizer conditions with different rotational speeds and physical and mechanical properties is below 6.3%, and the variation coefficient of fertilizing amount in same row is above 93%. Therefore, the fertilizer apparatus meets the quality requirements of fertilizer discharge. Meanwhile, variation coefficient of fertilizing amount in every row is 9.82% when the rotational speed of cone is low and the fertilizer apparatus is tilted, that means that the fertilizer apparatus still has better fertilizing performance in the inclined state. The adaptability applied to a narrow-width fertilizing machine of less than 8 rows is weak. The cone disc is successively rotated through the 1 to 8 row of fertilizer tube. When the rotational speed of cone disc is low, the next discharge tube of the blocked fertilizer pipe has a larger amount of fertilizer, the amount of chemical fertilizer in the other fertilizer pipes is basically the same, and the difference in the amount of fertilizer discharged from each row of fertilizer pipes is small. While the rotational speed of cone disc is high, the previous discharge tube of blocked has a larger amount of fertilizer, the difference between the fertilizing amount of this discharge tube and other discharge tube is larger, the amount of fertilizer in the other fertilizer tube is basically same. Furthermore, the field test was carried out to verify the fertilizing performance of the spiral disturbance cone centrifugal fertilizer apparatus. The results of field experiment show that the variation coefficient of fertilizing amount in every row is below 7.9%, the coefficient of variation of fertilizing stability is below 5.3%, the variation coefficient of fertilizing amount in same row is above 93.5%. This research provides effective technical support for chemical fertilizer reduction and precision fertilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]