Effect of using diesel - water emulsion as a fuel on diesel engine emissions: An experimental study.

Diesel engines are considered one of the main sources of air pollution because of the gases emissions and particulate matter (PM), so, must be searched for a fuel helps to reduction from these harmful emissions. The aim of this research is to study the effect of using diesel-water emulsion as a fuel on diesel engine emissions. In this study, an experimental test was conducted on a single cylinder four-stroke diesel engine at constant speed (1500 rpm) and various loads (0% to 100% load) fueled with different ratios of dieselwater emulsions and compared it with the pure diesel fuel. Emulsion was prepared with proportions at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of the volume of water in diesel fuel; the Tween 20 and Oleic Acid were used as a surfactant to maintain the stability of emulsion fuel for long periods of time. The tests were conducted on the engine and NOX, HC, CO, and CO2 emissions were measured by using an exhaust gas analyzer of type (AVL DIGAS 444), and smoke opacity by using a smoke meter device of type (AVL 437C). Experimental results showed that the using of diesel-water emulsion significantly reduces from the NOX and smoke emissions. From the results, it was found that the highest of reduction ratio in NOX and smoke emissions were at fuel of WD-20, where they decreased by 32.3% and 38.8% respectively, compared with pure diesel fuel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]