Susceptibility genes related to non-traumatic femoral head necrosis: improving detection accuracy and developing new treatment strategy.

BACKGROUND: Although the mechanism of femoral head necrosis has a series of explanations such as glucocorticoids, ethanol, decompression sickness, sickle cell anemia, and genetic susceptibility, the specific pathogenesis is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To highlight the genetics of non-traumatic femoral head necrosis by combining recent genetic studies, thus providing new treatments for the repair and reconstruction of femoral head. METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval of CNKI, Wan Fang, PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed to search the related articles published from January 2000 to April 2019. The keywords ware "non-traumatic femoral head necrosis, susceptibility genes, pathogenesis' in Chinese and English, respectively. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the irrelevant and repetitive articles were excluded, and finally 49 eligible articles were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Non-traumatic femoral head necrosis is an extremely complex disease whose pathogenesis is caused by a combination of factors rather than a single genetic gene. COL2A1 genetic mutation is the high susceptibility gene to non-traumatic femoral head necrosis. High-coagulation and low-fibrinolytic state-related loci in the blood, interleukin-related gene loci in immune system and lipid-related loci become more and more important in inducing non-traumatic femoral head necrosis. With the deep understanding of human genetic technology, the accuracy of detecting susceptible genes will be continuously improved, which is conducive to the prevention, diagnosis and precise individualized treatment of non-traumatic femoral head necrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]