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Characteristics of acute hepatitis A virus infection before and after 2001: A hospital‐based study in Tokyo, Japan.
- Source :
-
Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology . Oct2019, Vol. 34 Issue 10, p1836-1842. 7p. 3 Charts, 4 Graphs. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Background and Aim: The incidence of acute hepatitis A [AH (A)] is decreasing because of improvements in hygiene; however, cases of sporadic severe hepatitis are still being reported. We assessed the epidemiology of AH (A) in Japan. Methods: This was a hospital‐based retrospective study, in which 126 AH (A) patients (96 men [76%], median age 39 [range, 19–66] years) were enrolled. Patients diagnosed with AH (A) before 2001 (n = 79) and after 2001 (n = 47) were compared. Results: The incidence of AH (A) showed peaks in 1990, 1999, and 2018. After 2001, one patient had hepatitis B virus, four had human immunodeficiency virus, and three had syphilis coinfections. Before and after 2001, HAV was transmitted, respectively, by raw oysters (28% and 26%), overseas travel (19% and 28%), and sexual contact (0% and 19%) (P < 0.01). The frequencies of symptoms were appetite loss (51% and 32%), fever (63% and 81%), and diarrhea (3% and 13%) (all P < 0.05), respectively. On admission, the median levels of alanine aminotransferase (1455 and 3069 U/L) and γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (221 and 345 U/L) were significantly higher (P < 0.01), and the prothrombin time (77.5% and 65.9%) and platelet count (22.7 and 16.4 × 10/μL) were significantly lower after 2001 (P < 0.05). A time to normalization of the bilirubin level ≥ 30 days was associated with older age and a diagnosis of AH (A) after 2001. Conclusions: Outbreaks and severe AH (A) cases due to sexual transmission have been reported recently. It is necessary to examine their sexual behavior and other sexual infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *VIRUS diseases
*VIRAL hepatitis
*HEPATITIS B virus
*HIV
*APPETITE loss
*SYPHILIS
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 08159319
- Volume :
- 34
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 139687417
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.14655