التطور الصناعي ودوره في تلوث التربة وعلاقته بصحة الانسان في كلا من مصر و الصين

China is the most densely populated country in the world, but has relatively little fertile land and less stocks of uncontaminated water. Therefore, maintaining the quality of its agricultural land is crucial if China wants to feed its large and growing population, yet China is one of the countries with the largest area of contaminated soil. The main reason for pollution of agricultural activities is coming from excessive quantities of pesticides and fertilizers used in agricultural land and is mainly located in the South where most food is produced and the pollution from industrial activities is due to industrial pollutants (gases) in air which located mainly in the West of the country where most of the industrial activities are carried out. Urban pollution is mainly due to the very large amount of solid, liquid and gaseous wastes generated in a small area with inadequate treatment facilities and vehicle exhaust fumes located around the largest cities or roads. The result is that one fifth of China's agricultural land is polluted and that the size of Taiwan is so polluted that agriculture should not be allowed at all. The pollution of agricultural soil is defined as "the corruption that affects the agricultural soil, which changes its characteristics and its natural, chemical or biological properties, such that it directly or indirectly affects the all living above its surface, i.e., (human, animal and plant). Pollution depends on the type of pollution, soil characteristics, climate conditions and natural factors and it may be immediately as earthquakes and volcanoes or gradually such as excessive use of pesticides, use of mineral fertilizers and reuse of wastewater in irrigation. Soil plays an important role in the growth of plants and their lives and it is the basis for agricultural production and animal life and it contains many of microorganisms, worms and insects. The importance of soil lies in the fact that it is a breeding medium for plants in which roots grow and absorb its need of water and soluble salts. In the soil different environmental conditions of drought, humidity, ventilation, heat, salinity, etc. is also one of the main components of the basic natural element cycles because the soil components depend on the components of air and water and air component depends on the soil and water. Soil is one of the most complex natural systems because they make up a multiphase and heterogeneous special system are composed of solid, liquid and gas phases. Human has contributed to the pollution of the environment since ancient times and did not care about this problem at that time because of the simple population census, but with the increase in the population and the decline of land productivity due to soil pollution, which contributed to the low standard of living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]