Análisis proximal y de composición mineral de cuatro especies de hongos ectomicorrízicos silvestres de la Sierra Tarahumara de Chihuahua.

500 species of macromycetes mushrooms have been registered in Chihuahua, 73 of them are considered edible worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the proximate and mineral composition of four edible ectomycorrhizal fungi species of the Sierra Tarahumara in Chihuahua. Carpophores of Astraeus hygrometricus, Laccaria laccata, Amanita caesarea and Pisolithus tinctorius were collected in two areas of the municipality of Bocoyna, Chihuahua. A proximal analysis was done to determine the percentage of humidity, ash, carbohydrates, proteins and total fats, as well as a mineral analysis to quantify the percentage of total nitrogen (Nt), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn). The results show that P. tinctorius is the species with the highest content of minerals, A. hygrometricus in carbohydrate content, A. caesarea in fat content and L. laccata in protein. Of the 10 different minerals evaluated, A. caesarea has the highest content in N, P, K and Zn, while A. hygrometricus has the highest values of Ca and Mn. Laccaria laccata shows the highest contents in Mg, Na and Cu. Finally, P. tinctorius was found with the highest values in Fe. In general, the proximal and mineral results of these fungi is within the established range for edible fungi, so these fungi are a good alternative food for the inhabitants of the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]