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Economic losses due to ozone impacts on human health, forest productivity and crop yield across China.
- Source :
-
Environment International . Oct2019, Vol. 131, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- China's economic growth has significantly increased emissions of tropospheric ozone (O 3) precursors, resulting in increased regional O 3 pollution. We analyzed data from >1400 monitoring stations and estimated the exposure of population and vegetation (crops and forests) to O 3 pollution across China in 2015. Based on WHO metrics for human health protection, the current O 3 level leads to +0.9% premature mortality (59,844 additional cases a year) with 96% of populated areas showing O 3 –induced premature death. For vegetation, O 3 reduces annual forest tree biomass growth by 11–13% and yield of rice and wheat by 8% and 6%, respectively, relative to conditions below the respective AOT40 critical levels (CL). These CLs are exceeded over 98%, 75% and 83% of the areas of forests, rice and wheat, respectively. Using O 3 exposure–response functions, we evaluated the costs of O 3 -induced losses in rice (7.5 billion US$), wheat (11.1 billion US$) and forest production (52.2 billion US$) and SOMO35–based morbidity for respiratory diseases (690.9 billion US$) and non–accidental mortality (7.5 billion US$), i.e. a total O 3 -related cost representing 7% of the China Gross Domestic Product in 2015. • O 3 in China reduces annual forest tree biomass growth by 11–13% and yield of rice and wheat by 8% and 6%, respectively • The expected increase in mortality rate in China varies from 0.42% to 1.11% depending on the selected metric, corresponding to 28,000 to 74,000 premature deaths due to O 3 pollution • Total O 3 -related cost in China represents 7% of the China Gross Domestic Product in 2015 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 01604120
- Volume :
- 131
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Environment International
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 138271681
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.104966