Efficient ITO-free semitransparent perovskite solar cells with metal transparent electrodes.

Abstract In parallel with soaring efficiency, interest in multi-functional semitransparent perovskite solar cells (PeSCs) has emerged for special applications such as windows and tandem cells. To demonstrate air-stable as well as efficient ITO-free semitransparent PeSCs, ultra thin Cu and Ni, which are well-known non-precious metals having sufficient electrical conductivity, are investigated as bottom transparent electrode and optimization of devices is systematically carried out. Semitransparent Ni/NiO X based PeSC exhibits the average visible transmittance (AVT) of 22% and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.20%. Considering required AVT for the application of power-generating window of ∼25% and recent reports, this result is one of the best performances reported to date. Highlights • p-i-n structured perovskite solar cells (PeSCs) with thin Cu or Ni transparent electrode are investigated. • To demonstrate air-stable & efficient ITO-free semitransparent PeSCs, optimization of devices is carried out. • Semitransparent PeSCs fabricated on Ni/NiO X exhibits the average visible transmittance (AVT) of 22% and PCE of 8.20%. • Ni/NiO X based device also shows superior stability to Cu based systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]