Image encryption using exclusive-OR with DNA complementary rules and double random phase encoding.

Highlights • DNA encoding is introduced into the field of optical encryption. • An optical XOR gate is used to achieve XOR operation in ultra-fast DNA encryption. • The DNA rules used for data encoding are different in each row and column, which enhances the security of system. Abstract We propose an optical image encryption scheme based on the Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) theory and the double random phase encoding (DRPE) technique. The piecewise linear chaotic map (PWLCM) is used to generate key images and random phase masks, and to determine DNA encoding rules. In order to achieve ultra-fast DNA encryption, we propose using an optical exclusive-OR (XOR) gate to achieve XOR operation in DNA encryption. Different plaintexts use different initial values of PWLCM, which are generated by Message Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5). The plaintext is encrypted by two rounds of DNA and then by DRPE to form a ciphertext. Numerical simulation and the analysis of attacks on encrypted image are implemented to demonstrate the security and validity of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]