Das faschistische System der sozialen Vorsorge im Spannungsverhältnis zwischen autoritären Maßnahmen und sozialer Integration.

This paper traces some of the fundamental stages in the development of the Italian welfare state during the years of Fascism, contextualizing them both within the most recent historiographical debate and in the light of some national and international issues. As such, the national insurance and welfare policies of the Fascists are examined both within the more general context of the expansion of social policy during the 1930s (in Europe and elsewhere) and with reference to the principal Italian institutions (above all INFPS, the Istituto nazionale fascista di previdenza sociale - Fascist National Institute for Social Welfare). Above all, the text aims to highlight the central importance of the Fascist experience with respect to the historical consolidation of the Italian welfare system, whose original structure dates back to the period when the regime was established. The Fascist period laid the foundations for the so-called „individualistic-clientelist" system later developed and intensified during the post-war period and that represents, according to various historiographical voices, the most distinctive feature of the Italian experience. The conclusive facts that emerge are first that, compared to the European average, Italy succeeded in catching up in quantitative terms, increasing expenditure on social welfare and the extent of insurance coverage. However, the imprint conferred on the national social security system by the regime influenced its later development, demonstrating the central role of Fascism in determining its characteristics (and dimensions). Second, the reorganization under Fascism of the national insurance and welfare system - extending forms of coverage, increasing the number of people covered and above all systematizing it - mainly concerned management aspects. The policy of differentiating between degrees of entitlement remained unchanged or more accurately was accentuated and exploited by the regime as a form of social control. Fascism multiplied the number of diverse and differentiated forms and regimes of insurance in terms of their extent, quality and duration. The reconstruction of the history of Italian welfare during the inter-war period thus belongs to a broader context, both geographical (European and North American) and economic, political and social. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]