Resilience loss factor for evaluation and design considering the effects of aftershocks.

Abstract The seismic resilience of a system includes not only the consequences directly related to the intensity of earthquake but also the recovery process and time closely related to the human and government responses in the post-earthquake environment, in which many aftershocks would affect the mainshock-damaged systems. This manuscript proposes a resilience loss factor to incorporate the effects of aftershocks on the resilience loss of structures. This factor is applied on the evaluation of resilience loss for a case-study reinforced concrete (RC) frame structure under mainshock-aftershock (MSAS) sequences. The recovery time and pre-event functionality are introduced in the definition of the resilience loss factor, making this factor concentrate more on the intrinsic characteristics of structures during the recovery process. The replacement threshold based on the repair cost is incorporated into the definition of resilience loss factor to reflect the engineering application. The results indicate that the effects of considering replacement threshold and aftershocks on the resilience loss of structure can exceed 200% and 400% respectively, when the replacement threshold is reached. Highlights • Resilience loss factor is proposed considering the effects of aftershocks. • The normalization by recovery time and pre-event functionality are incorporated. • The replacement threshold is incorporated to reflect the engineering application. • Effects of replacement threshold and aftershocks on resilience loss are significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]