Epidemiología de enfermedades hematológicas en un Hospital de tercer nivel del occidente de México.

Introduction. Hematological diseases in the pediatric age are one of the main reasons for consultation in childhood. The most described conditions include microcytosis, platelet alterations and leukocytosis. The most common clinical manifestations include: fatigue, irritability, headache, pallor, epistaxis, cyanosis and petechiae. The most common complications include hemorrhage, arthropathy, heart disease and kidney disease. The objective of the study was to investigate the incidence of pediatric hematological diseases of a tertiary hospital. Material and Methods. A descriptive, observational, retrospective study was conducted through the clinical files of the pediatric hematology service of a public hospital in Guadalajara in the period January 2013-August 2016; 575 cases were analyzed, evaluating the main disease and analyzing: gender, age range, state of origin and deaths. Results. The most common disease was hereditary deficiency of factor VIII (n = 148, 25.7%), followed by idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (n = 58, 10.1%) and allergic purpura (n = 45, 7.8%). The main state of origin was Jalisco (n = 547, 95.1%), followed by Michoacán (n = 15, 2.6%) and Nayarit (n = 4, 0.6%). The main age range was from 2 to 4 years (n = 175, 30.4%). The masculine gender had higher incidence (n = 333, 57.9%). There were 14 (2%) deaths. Discussion. The most prevalent hematological diseases in our study were hereditary deficiency of factor VIII, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and allergic purpura. A relationship was observed between the disease with the highest incidence and the age and gender of the patients. A high incidence of anemia was not observed, which was attributed to the performance of the study in a tertiary hospital. The number of deaths was low compared to other reports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]