Aspects actuels des infections par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine et par le virus lymphotrophique humain chez l'homme, la femme et l'enfant et de leur traitement par les antirétroviraux.

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and HTLV (human T lymphotropic virus) are zoonotic infections, due to transmission of retroviruses of simian origins to human people. Contamination routes share similarities for blood and sexual transmission, but mother-to-child transmission differs: mostly at the end of pregnancy, during childbirth or breastfeeding for HIV, prolonged breastfeeding for HTLV. The high seroprevalence for both viruses in West Africa and carribean regions contributes to the majority of HTLV infections found in France. Most of HIV-infected patients receive antiretroviral therapy to prevent transmission (in adults and mother to child transmission) and reduce immunodeficiency, whereas no specific treatment exists for HTLV infected patients. HTLV-associated diseases (leukemia/lymphoma or myeopathy) concerns less than 7 % of HTLV infected-patients and zidovudine, interferon or other immunotherapies are used for associated diseases such a as leukemia/lymphomia or myeolopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]