Identification of NBOMe and NBOH in blotter papers using a handheld NIR spectrometer and chemometric methods.

Abstract N-benzylphenethylamines derivatives, such as NBOMe and NBOH series, are potent hallucinogen drugs that are usually sold in the illicit market as blotter papers containing "legal" LSD alternatives. The identification of these drugs is mainly performed by liquid or gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, but there is a lack of a rapid screening methods to identify samples containing or not drugs of these series. For this purpose, this work offers a fast and non-destructive method applying a handheld NIR spectrometer for discrimination of drugs absorbed in blotter papers using PLS-DA and SIMCA. The method was developed in a two-stage approach: Model A for identification of samples containing or not drugs and model B for identification of samples containing NBOMe or NBOH drugs. PLS-DA models have provided efficiency rates higher 97% in both training and validation phases. Robustness of model B was evaluated with a random permutation of samples among training and validation phases, given mean efficiency rates higher than 89%. SIMCA models presented equivalent efficiency for model A, but lower efficiency for model B comparing to PLS-DA results. However, SIMCA showed a higher efficiency to deal with samples containing drugs not included in the training phase. Results support use of this method for in loco forensic analysis and as a screening method prior the chromatographic and mass spectrometry analysis. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • In loco analysis of NPS in blotter papers • Analysis of NPS recently described in the literature • Fast screening method for forensic analysis • Two stage model for NPS presence and their identification [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]